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Humane "bandits" and an unrepentant President

25/09/2007

situation in northern Niger heats up

result of the various mining areas around towns and villages in the northern region, particularly at Iferouane, the civilian population is very restricted in their movements. Food deliveries are not possible in some cases, the few available foods are offered at unaffordable prices of basic services is generally insufficient. As a result, many people fled from the northern regions to the south.

state of emergency for the region of Agadez

Meanwhile, the President of the Republic of Niger, Mamadou Tandja, for the department of Agadez end of August, a three-month state of emergency was declared. This has the Nigerien army a free hand the continuing unrest in seven months to bring under control. The means which it uses to include, but are questionable. Since the application of the emergency law, over 100 civilians detained temporarily, of which at least 10 people are still worrying without charge and in inhumane conditions in detention

is that it is those people who are for a dialogue the government and the MNJ (Mouvement pour la Justice of Nigeria of) engage, or tell about the events in northern Niger.

The arrest or detention of civilians in the custody of army or Police, who are not involved in the armed conflict meets the offense of "arbitrary detention" (arbitrary arrest), making it a violation of Article 9 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Even Amnesty International strongly condemned the arbitrary arrests.

further restrictions on press freedom

few days ago, on 20 September 2007, was Moussa Kaka, correspondent of Radio France Internationale (RFI) was arrested, because he repeatedly sent on the conflict had.

Radio France International had already been fined in July with a one-month broadcasting ban in Niger because the channel had reported on the conflict in the north of the country. Until 20 August 2007 was recorded RFI operation again.

Reporters Without Borders (Reporters sans frontières), is in for a release of Moussa Kaka and reports on other violations of press and speech freedom. Furthermore, the northern region of Niger for domestic and foreign journalists is locked.

clashes between MNJ and FAN (Force Armée Nigeria)

Meanwhile, it has in recent weeks have come several times for clashes between the Nigerien army FAN and members of the MNJ, and complaining on both sides are victims. move

To the government of Niger to negotiations, gave the Nigerien MNJ soldiers repeatedly that he had been captured in attacks, the International Committee of the Red Cross.

At the start of Ramadan last week also were the prisoners of the attack on Tezirzayt in June this year released.

same time, the MNJ announced its part for the period of Ramadan to a ceasefire. On the part of the fan or the government were to no comments.

Tandja's communication policy

Although the President Mamadou Tandja continues to speak of bandits and drug smugglers, he asked the neighbor Libya for help in mediating between the rebels. The role of Libyan President Muammar Khadafi, however, remains opaque. The end of August Khadafi sued three independent newspapers in Niamey, which present him some time ago as a supporter of the MNJ. At the same time Khadafi is accused Niger claim to territories and their natural resources to. Nevertheless Tandja sees his political hopes to resolve the conflict in the governments of Libya, Sudan and Algeria, as opposed to directly negotiate with the MNJ.

Niger, the Tuareg and the uranium

has Meanwhile, the government of Niger for the first time independent uranium sold on the world market. Hitherto the French company AREVA, the Monopoly in Niger, after a crisis AREVA had to make concessions to the government of Niger. French President Sarkozy called for under the disclosure of the use of funds from revenue of uranium sales.

The exploitation of resources, especially uranium in northern Niger, the associated environmental risks and economic participation for people from the mining areas are a major reason for the current debate.

Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples adopted

In on 13 September 2007 by the UN General Assembly adopted Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples), the MNJ will strengthen its efforts.

The importance of the declaration is seen, inter alia, ensuring the rights of indigenous peoples, which include the Tuareg also through their extensive participation in the declaration of self-determination explicitly recognizes, and their right to the mineral resources in their traditional settlement areas respected.

There Tense situation in Mali

Meanwhile, there also disturbing events in the north of the neighboring country of Mali. Since late August there has been in the Kidal region in bloody clashes between the Malian army and Tuareg around the leader Ibrahim Ag Bahanga.

are the causes of the conflict is not a stranger before. As in Niger, it is to implement the peace agreements of 1995, extensive development projects for the north and a larger profit share of the northern regions of the raw material sales.

While it by the MNJ and Ag Bahanga is no cooperation, the governments of Mali and Niger military to work at their borders to the so-called "bandits" and "drug smuggling" under control.

Unlike the Niger government is becoming Mali, however, ready to talk. Leading Tuaregrebellen from the rebellions in the 60s and 90s since mid-September mediate between the government and Ag Bahanga. Mali was now starting to concessions in the distribution of development aid. Algeria also said his support for development projects in northern Mali. The Malian army would wait for the time being and not start a new counter-attacks.

Ibrahim Ag Bahanga reacts insightful and freed captured soldiers. In addition, a truce was negotiated. Whether the situation in Mali is in balance so that remains to be seen.

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further government on a collision course with Tuareg rebels

16/08/2007


be further arbitrarily civilians in the department of Agadez in Niger arrested by the army. So far no trace of them. Meanwhile, in the region have been discovered around Iferouane land mines, such as civilians and Tuareg fighters report unanimously.

are increasingly in recent weeks, supporters of the MNJ (Mouvement pour la Justice of Nigeria of ") and from the ranks of the FAN (Force Armée Nigeria) and the FNIS (Force d'intervention et de sécurité national) rebel movement overflowed. In May, deserting soldiers of the FNIS guarding a uranium mine of the French company AREVA in Imouraren, with their pay and weapons, in order to join the MNJ.

then accused the government of Niger, AREVA, they would provide or the MNJ Tuareg rebellion . Support This culminated on 26 July in the expulsion of Dominique Pin, the representative of AREVA in Niger. End of June was already Gilles Denamur, a security expert at AREVA, expelled from the country since he, according to the government of Niger an accomplice of the last Tuareg rebellion of 1990 - was 1995th

AREVA dismissed the indictment returned repeatedly. On 27 July turns on French President Nicolas Sarkozy urged a speedy solution. After subsequent discussions between the two governments and AREVA Niger extended the contracts with the uranium mining company AREVA, the Niger in the monopoly hitherto possessed. The new agreement improves the conditions for the benefit of Niger for the government many times.

has, since the Niger government still has no control over the rebel movement in the north, they asked the neighbors for help in dealing with the MNJ. The President, Mamadou Tandja played down the rebellion continued, speaking of "armed bandits" and "drug smuggling", which talks makes previously impossible. Offered in mid-July at Burkina Faso as a mediator between the rebels and the government. Even in the past Rebellion were successful peace talks among others carried out by using Burkina Faso.

early as 15 July 2007, the MNJ announced the formation of a political office, whose goal is to reach the big Tuareg diaspora in the Western world to build international relations and representations of the MNJ and coordinate fundraising activities.

MNJ The signals are still willing to negotiate. This was on 5 August with the release of six soldiers who were taken prisoner in the attack on Tazerzayt, further emphasized.

order to give his demands, the MNJ attacked on 9 on the 10th August, a power plant, the uranium mines of AREVA supplied with electricity and a fuel depot in Agadez, which is used by the FAN. In subsequent clashes between the MNJ and the FAN two civilians were killed by the Nigerien army.

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New Tuareg Rebellion: mortgage of the past?

20/07/2007

simmering since February this year in the north of the Republic Nigerian unrest again. Already many are dead - including civilians - and reported missing. Unresolved conflicts will lead to a new version of the events of 1990-95?

Many Tuareg some representatives of the Tuareg rebellion of the nineties have been last February to a new front with the name of the Mouvement pour la Justice of Nigeria "*, short MNJ, together. Since then there have been several armed clashes between the army of the Niger and the MNJ. Also, more commercial time in foreign institutions attacked, such as a uranium mine in the French company Areva.

The arrest and murder of three civil, very old Tuareg men by the military in the region Tezirzayt (now several, including military sources in Niger confirms) and missing persons from over 250 after arrests missing civilians, brought the conflict to escalate. As retaliation, the rebels of the MNJ attack on the military base made in Tezirzayt, killing 17 Nigerien soldiers were wounded 43 and captured 70. called shortly after the attack MNJ of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), the medical care of severely injured prisoners secure. On 25 June, released the 30 severely wounded soldiers and handed over to a delegation of the ICRC to transfer to hospital of Arlit.

Despite international attention, which found the events in recent weeks, the government of Niger continues to speak of "armed bandits" and "drug smuggling". She refuses, the Tuareg rebels and to recognize their organization MNJ, which is according to the MNJ website for all of Nigeria, regardless of ethnicity, uses. Accordingly, many have already connected the non-Tuareg MNJ fighters.

addition to the government's refusal to recognize the rebellion, an active censorship of the press is operated: On 1 July, suspended the independent newspaper "Aïr Info" in Agadez for their reporting on the events for 3 months. Three other private newspapers in Niamey were given warnings.

The Tuaregrebellen have repeatedly signaled its willingness to hold talks with the government. This, however, under the condition that her organization as a rebel MNJ movement recognizes.

kuriserten several times (but unconfirmed) information according to which the government of Niger had asked other countries for military Untersützung. Most recently, on 3 July on the website of the MNJ announced, President Mamadou Tandja sought to acquire from the Ukraine battle helicopters MI-24, to attack the camp of the MNJ.

The reasons for the conflict can be seen in the continuing deprivation of the North and in the exploitation and exploration (particularly by France and China) of the rich uranium deposits that a significant Health and environmental risk for the local population is. Under the mediation of France, Algeria and Burkina Faso 1995, the last armed rebellion by the Tuareg, a peace agreement between the Tuareg and the Niger government had ended. This agreement will find a comprehensive administrative and military decentralization of the country also increased investment in the northern region, particularly in education and primary health care. Similarly, the population of the North, consisting largely of Tuareg, granted some autonomy. According to the MNJ, the concessions in the peace agreement of 1995 by the government is only selectively or not at all put into action.

* movement of Nigeria for justice